Hydraulic machines are the machines that transfer energy between its operating parts and a fluid.
Examples:
Classification
Based on energy transfer direction
Machine to Fluid
Examples:
- Pumps (for liquids)
- Blowers, Compressors (for gases)
Fluid to Machine
Examples:
- Turbines
- Fluid motors
Energy transfer using fluid
Examples:
- Hydraulic Jack
Based on principle of operation
Positive displacement
Fluid taken into an enclosed space and forced out by repeated mechanical action.
Examples:
- Piston pump
- Rotary pump
Rotodynamic
Main component is a rotating element. It rotates inside a fluid. Rotating element’s kinetic energy is transferred to fluid when the fluid flows through it.
| Machine | Main rotating element |
|---|---|
| Pumps | Impeller |
| Turbines | Runner |
| Fans/Blowers | Rotor |
Summary
| Machine to Fluid | Fluid to Machine | Energy transfer using fluid | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive Displacement | Piston pump, Rotary pump | Motors | Hydraulic Ram, Jack Press |
| Rotodynamic | Pumps, Compressors | Turbines | Hydraulic coupling, Torque converter |